Oatley Park Reserve

All posts tagged Oatley Park Reserve

Red-tailed Tropicbird (aussiebirder’s avatar)

You may have wondered why the Red-tailed Tropicbird is used as my avatar and brand for aussiebirder.com. This was the bird that captured my attention and drew me away from nature photography to a love of birds. It was not the visual aspect (photographics) that so much attracted me, though important as it is, but the behavioural characteristics, that brought my admiration for this bird.

Lord Howe Island viewed from Malabar headland

I traveled to Lord Howe Island years ago, specifically to find this elusive bird which is only found soaring above inaccessible sea cliffs around the islands of Australia and the Pacific.

It was the assertion that these birds were able to fly backwards when performing their courting ritual that caused me to seek out ‘the backward flying bird’. It is the way these birds continuously effortlessly soar over the cliff faces for hours on the breeze, performing occasional aerial acrobatic that attracts me to them. Their red streamer (tail extension) assists them in their acrobatic skills.

We always get excited when we see them. They do not appear to be feeding or busy like other birds, they just enjoy soaring like eagles on the thermals and playing as they use their unique ‘butterfly flight’. This makes them very difficult to capture on movie as you can see below.

The Tropicbird feeds mainly on flying fish which it catches in the air, and can dive from 50 metres directly into the ocean to catch fish or squid also so food is always on tap. It does not build a nest but nests openly beneath pine trees on cliff edges or inside caves which are usually inaccessible to humans. Visitors to the islands often mistaken these birds for gulls as they only see them from a distance, but their black feet and black facial mark set them apart which a birder would detect.

I have always been a creative person, and enjoyed exploring different means of creative expression, like these birds. It is good to accept who I am and enjoy being uniquely different. Being uniquely me as I was created to be, and not trying to be someone else. This week I would like to share another aspect of my creativity which you may have noticed as the musical backing to many of my video clips used on the website. Today in this time when we are restricted to our homes, and our National Parks are locked up I will share some of my music. Please bare in mind that I am not a trained musician, do not read from music, but play by ear. These tracks are all recorded on my computer. You may remember hearing this backing I called New Beginnings:

I track the background and then overlap the lead later. Experimenting with nature sounds, such as the sounds of a wetlands at night I composed this one called Sounds of the Night:

Another concept I used for my DVD set The Beautiful Series which was produced six years ago and now unavailable was to use bird call backing, waterfall backing and ocean backing to complement my sound. It is quite astounding that the many people who have commented on my music, as unprofessional as it is, have all used the same descriptive word soothing to describe it. Here is some backing used for previous posts. Because the clip is short the lead does not occur.

As some of you are aware I do like playing blues, a love from my past. There are occasions where this fits in nicely also.

I also enjoy creating encouraging clips for Facebook and my website homepage. Here is an example using water and bird calls together. I am currently creating new productions.

Lastly, Here is me unplugged playing the popular tunes of the past which are not my own but have my bluesy touch to them. Here is a few. Please remember these are played off the cuff without preparation, so the odd strange note or two my occur.

The House of the Rising Sun (recorded by the Animals in 1964) was one of my favorite songs we did through the years.

Cotton Fields ( first recorded by Lead Belly in 1940 and later by Creedence CWR in 1969) another fav from the old days.

What a Wonderful World is another (recorded by Louis Armstrong 1967 and written for him by Bob Thiele and David Weiss to assist in integration of race in America. They thought Louis was a great ambassador for this purpose). I love this song and I love his bluesy voice singing it.

Anyway, if you are locked up at home like me in isolation maybe these tunes will help soothe, as one famous quote says: music soothes the savage beast. which was a misquote of William Concreve’s 1697 line: music hath charms to sooth a savage breast. This is why Music Therapy has become a new form of therapy in medicine used in hospitals, while waiting on phones and in shopping centres to help soothe reduce aggression, fear and ease suffering. We all use music as a therapy at times when alone or when we need a pickup. Like our choice of food and acquaintances, music choices are important and can subconsciously lift us up or press us down creating anxiety, sadness and stress. We need to filter what we hear. Too many people today just listen to whatever, because they are told it is popular, the latest or because a radio station has chosen it for them, without realising its hidden impact. We were created to sing and enjoy song and music, and worship our Creator joyfully (a word used many times in the Bible in relation to worship) with music and song, as this is not only encouraging but holds a positive health benefit also, strengthening our immune system and lifting our emotional state. So when circumstances like the present are causing you to feel gloomy, frustrated or sad, joyful music and song with positive lyrics may be therapeutic. Music is the language known by all peoples. My blogger friend David from BirdsAsPoetry blog shared this video in a recent blog post which speaks of the unifying common thread that music has across the world. If you like blues and soul you will love it.

“David told the leaders of the Levites to appoint their fellow Levites as musicians to make a joyful sound with musical instruments: lyres, harps and cymbals.” – 1 Kings 10:12

“Worship the Lord with gladness; come before him with joyful songs.” – Psalm 100:2

“Sing and make music from your heart to the Lord,” – Ephesians 5:19 (NIV)

Enjoy your week ! Stay Safe! We continue to enjoy our staycation this week and my wife and I have had a very peaceful time cleaning out clutter from the past and just enjoying the peace and quiet around us, as well as each other’s company.

My Mission: To encourage young people to make good life choices, using birds to teach important life skills.

W. A. Hewson (Adv. Dip. Counselling & Family Therapy).

NOTE: All photos, videos and music used on this website are photographed, composed, performed by the site owner and remains his copyrighted property, unless otherwise stated. The use of any material that is not original material of the site owner is duly acknowledged as such. © W. A. Hewson 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020.

A Rainbow Lorikeet guarding its nest in a hollow of an Angophora costata tree.

This week I will do a character study on one of Australia’s most colorful and popular birds, which people who visit Australia love to lay eyes on, the Rainbow Lorikeet. As my camera lens was wounded due to a fall, it is to receive medical attention, so I apologize for the lack of clarity with some of these photos. This bird is one of our most excited and numerous of the Parrot family often found alongside the larger and raucous Sulphur-crested Cockatoo.

Sulphur-crested Cockatoo warding off a stranger (me) as it guards its nest

Both birds are found down the east coast of Australia’s mainland and are often heard before seen. Both birds share the same kind of nesting tree, the Angophora costata (Sydney Redgum) found in large numbers along the coast.

Angophora costata (Sydney Redgum)

These birds bite out pieces of the dead wood where the tree branch has broken away, leaving a hole, to make a nest. The Angothora tree is a beautiful unique work of art, often called an artists delight due to its unusual branch structure and beautiful orange/pink coloration. It was also is known as the widow maker in days past, as it drops branches silently and without warning causing many casualties. This time of year they shed their bark and remain lighter colored till they regrow a new exterior.

watching from the nesting hole

watching from the nesting hole

warding off potential threat

warding off potential threat

The Rainbow, as we call it, we hear every morning chattering and calling with its high pitched noisy communication as they feed from our Bottlebrush flowers. They’re favorite foods pollen are nectar from native flowers, as well as insects, fruits as well as their bird candy lerps and psyllids, which most of our small passerines also enjoy.

Have a careful look at this footage and notice how the Lorikeet uses its tongue to extract food from the nectar rich Endeavour Bottlebrush

As many of you will already know from reading my book ‘What Birds Teach Us’, Rainbows mate for life, and if you see them they will almost always be in pairs, excitedly flying at great speed together, calling to each other, and maneuvering with themselves in amazing accuracy. If a partner dies there is a grieving process similar to our own, and most sad to watch. They will go and fly with a flock.

Similar to the Cockatoo, these birds despite their size, are respected by all other birds, even the ultra aggressive Noisy Miner, as the Rainbows can inflict a serious injury if they are messed with due to their very strong sharp beak. Their vulnerability to raptors and their nestlings to Kookaburras and Currawong are their major points of concern. Nesting close to Cockatoos can be an advantage due to the group evasive action of the Cockies when danger approaches. The Cockatoo crest is a physical indication of the bird’s emotional state at the time. When the bird becomes excited or alarmed it will raise it and when it is resting or sick will flatten it.

Gaurding the nest after the alarm is sounded

Listen to the noisy chatter of a small flock feeding. They have dominance wherever they go when in flock.

There are two distinct subspecies or races [some call the Red-collared Lorikeet (race rubritorquis) a separate species rather than subspecies]. The Red-collared subspecies is only found far north in the states of WA and NT, having a distinct red collar, unlike the green of the east coast Rainbow (race moluccanus). We always love looking for the Red-collared when in Broome, WA.

Rainbow Lorikeet

Rainbow Lorikeet

Red-collared Lorikeet

Red-collared Lorikeet

The juvenile Lorikeet looks much the same as the adult except that it has a dark beak, dark eye and less red on its chest, as seen below with its adult parent.

juvenile with adult

The immature still has slight traces of its juvenile features as it approaches breeding maturity and the bright red beak.

immature lorikeet

One of the things i love about this bird, as with other Parrot species, in particular the Little Corella, is the affection and companionship exhibited between the devoted pair.

This is one bird, like the Cockatoo, that has survived the fires, due to their widespread location and their abundance, however many may have been lost due to the many who would have been caught nesting, as Spring and Summer are the nesting times. The sad thing is that many birds born this season may have been lost due to fires marking a considerable short fall in new bird numbers this year. Watch and hear some live footage of these birds happily feeding.

Here are a few flight shots I managed to capture at high speed.

Rainbow Lorikeet in flight

If you would like to check out my new book releases for this year click here.

If this is your first visit to my blog, check out the rest of my birding website from my Home Page. I post a weekly blog which you can follow (see Follow button at top of page). Also check out my coming book releases. You can still purchase the book referred to in this post, there are a few left for purchase on this website only.

Lastly, consider these shots of the parent guarding its nest which is deep inside the dead portion of an Angophora tree, trying to ascertain my purpose in observing it. We were just about ten feet away enjoying our Australia Day breakfast with church friends, no one else appeared to notice this colourful head emerging and then disappearing into the hole in the nearby tree.

Notice the head tilt which is common with birds of monocular vision allowing them to observe food or in this case possible raptor overhead with one eye positioned. Birds also have a very acute hearing which allows some species to hear grubs and bugs moving below the surface of the soil, which is useful when they are on the ground dining. We saw this recently with our Magpie.

The Rainbow Lorikeet keeps watch over its young, sharing the role with its lifetime partner (not pictured here). This is why these birds survive and breed so well, they are a team and they work together to achieve their goal. The male will be responsible to train and protect the fledgling when it emerges. As a family they will fly together in constant communication as they excitedly feed and chatter to one another. In a good functional family environment, good communication is most important, It is through the words and actions of the parents that children learn how to live, feel safe, loved and cared for. It is how we learn the skills of life and understand who we are. It is important to add that it is not the words alone but the attitude with which they are transmitted that has the greatest affect on the positive growth and maturity of the hearer.

‘Let love and faithfulness never leave you; bind them around your neck, write them on the tablet of your heart.’ – Proverbs 3:3

Have an enjoyable week and stay safe!

NOTE: All photos, videos and music used on this website are photographed, composed, performed by the site owner and remains his copyrighted property, unless otherwise stated. The use of any material that is not original material of the site owner is duly acknowledged as such. © W. A. Hewson 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020.

As the fires continue to devastate and consume our forests and townships we are all so thankful that countries and people the world over are coming to assist, or raising money to help the thousands left destitute with loss of homes, property and livestock. Millions of wildlife and trees gone, with many wildlife injured and being assisted as our country pulls together in the Aussie way. A nation founded on difficult circumstances, which coined the term ‘Aussie Battler’. The last two days have been much milder as a cold front comes through in the middle of Summer, with small falls of rain. This is giving some of the firies a chance for a short break and a chance for others to contain the threatening fires nearby. These fires have shown how truly vulnerable we humans are, despite all our modern inventions and plans. My wife and I are thankful that we have been spared so far, and only the daily unpleasant thick smoke is our main problem.

It has not been wise for us to travel far out of our city, so this weeks post highlights the importance of our local parks and reserves that we frequent on a regular basis. It is these parks that provide the normalization of our emotional and physical self. A 30 minute or more walk in a nature park has been shown scientifically to have very positive health benefits. These include lowering blood pressure, lowering stress levels and revitalizing ones mind and emotions, assisting to reduce depression. It allows us to become mindful in the moment and transfer our overcrowded mind to relax and enjoy the peaceful surroundings using our five senses. Our most frequented park as some of you know is Oatley Park Reserve which is only a 14 minute drive from home.

I love the beautiful eucalypt trees especially the angophora costata known as Sydney Redgum, which have a very interesting and pleasing scent to me which I love to inhale. This is the tree of choice for nesting Cockatoos and Lorikeets due to the holes it leaves when the branches drop off. This tree, due to its pinkish colour and unusual branching, is known as an artists delight. Thankfully, this park has so far been spared from the fires.

As I walk the same tracks and pathways week after week, hoping to see something different something new, I sometimes wonder what the local territorial birds, animals and reptiles, that have come to know me, are thinking. So here is some suggestions…

One bird I can always count on being in the same area every visit is this male Magpie. He knows me and identifies me with his intelligent ability to remember and describe each person with perfect facial recognition. Thankfully he sees me as his friend and allows me very close contact, unlike other passersby. One interesting skill these birds have learnt and mastered is that of being able to remove the stinger from insects before eating them, by holding it down with their foot and pulling it out with their beak.

Occasionally I see one of his fledglings which is almost mature in its second-third year of training. Look carefully and you will still see small patches of brown plumage and the dirty neck can mean its is a female, as usually the male neck is white by this stage, but may still be changing.

A main feature of this park is the Ponds where waterbirds breed, feed and rest. These also provide water to other birds. This water is maintained from storm water off the streets nearby. With the recent drought, as I showed in last weeks post, the ponds are drying up and becoming foul for the water fowl. This family of Chestnut Teal rest together by the pond, these birds do not seem to worry about the problem.

The drought has caused much stress to the trees in the park as many shed their leaves and some even have died and are falling down. But occasionally wild flowers are seen such as this Flannel Flower and this tiny native orchid. Look how beautiful the flowers are when you enlarge them, what a marvelous piece of artwork from a marvelous Creator.

While it is now Summer the forest is much quieter than usual for this time of year due to the drought and extreme temperatures so bird sounds are few, but one bird always brings joy and delight to my spirit when I hear his excited laughter like call and that is the Grey Butcherbird of which there are several families in the park.

On this visit it was unusual to see a Little Wattlebird, though they do come in from time to time. It is called Little but not for the wattle which is not there, but the bird being the smallest of the three wattlebird species. It sports a very unusual and interesting breast plumage.

There does not appear to be any nesting at the moment as most have finished but the Royal Spoonbill will be nesting in private away from here. This termite nest has been used by the local Kookaburra family for generations as a nesting place. Kookas bite a hole in the nest and take it over as a ready to go nursery. But it is very quiet at present as they have already fledged.

Last of all, this Echidna (Short-nosed Spiny-anteater) was sighted on the side of the track. This is the first time we had seen it here in the park. Others had told us it was there, and now we saw it. They are very shy and quickly move away when sighted.

A solitary seat ideal for being still in the Blue Mountains National Park, Katoomba NSW

We each need time out to be quiet and still, to wait, think and to listen. What better place than in your local birding park. Sit on a park seat, or just walk alone along the track, admiring the beautiful trees and birds, how each is uniquely different and individual, listening to the birds, feeling the breeze on your face, inhaling the sweet scents of the trees and flowers of the forest. Consider it all with a grateful heart of thankfulness for the beautiful surroundings you have had the privilege to enjoy. Consider all the many insects, birds, reptiles and animals moving about you in search of food, each knowing what it must do, without us even being aware. Consider your amazing body and its brilliant chemistry and physiology, working harmoniously with millions of processes per second perfectly timed and ordered, without any knowledge or effort from you. All taken care of by One who is intimately concerned with your well being. Unload your cares and worries there and let yourself be carried away in the peaceful stress-less moment. Be refreshed and re energized.

“I meditate on all your works and consider what your hands have done.” – Psalm 143:5

Have a great week and STAY SAFE!

NOTE: All photos, videos and music used on this website are photographed, composed, performed by the site owner and remains his copyrighted property, unless otherwise stated. The use of any material that is not original material of the site owner is duly acknowledged as such. © W. A. Hewson 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020.

Cattle Egrets with developing breeding plumage. They would normally be nesting now.

A Happy, Healthy and Prosperous New Year to you all! As you are aware from the many news reports our country is suffering the worst Summer season on record. A drought in its 4th year, strong winds, dry thunderstorms and merciless raging ravaging incinerating unstoppable firestorm bushfires have turned our holiday season into a state of emergency and declared catastrophic conditions. Millions of hectares destroyed, millions of wildlife incinerated, thousands of homes and properties and livestock destroyed and 17 humans dead, and we are only just into Summer. Many had their holidays terminated or cut short, and many more fled with their lives from their holiday grounds. It is just not safe to travel anywhere at the moment, as these fires can strike and move suddenly, without warning. Here is a brief video excerpt from On Demand News on YouTube.

Our hearts and prayers go out to the many homeless and now traumatized residents, where in some places whole towns have been wiped off the map. It has affected most of the east coast of Australia in populated areas, and the thick toxic smoke continues to be the daily norm for most of us, as it has been for over the last two months. It has affected the lives of most Australians either directly or indirectly.

The sun breaking through a smoke filled sky

The sun breaking through a smoke filled sky

So many brave firefighters from home and overseas have rallied to the fire front, including our defense force. These fires along with the drought are rewriting our Bird Field Guides for location and even for the existence of species in our country. It will not be known till further down the track if we have recently added more species to our critically endangered or extinct classifications. Our local Oatley Park Reserve’s main pond in one week has been gradually drying up as many birds leave with only a only a few remaining.

Last Sunday.

Last Sunday.

Yesterday.

Yesterday.

This pair of of Chestnut Teal are not worried at all. They have raised their young already, and now taking it easy in the murky ponds.

Chestnut Teal pair

Chestnut Teal pair

This male wanted aussiebirder to include him in his next post, so I obliged.

Chestnut Teal male

Chestnut Teal male

Other then the Teal and a few Australian White Ibis a single Great Egret and Royal Spoonbill stood together in the diminishing pond.

The Spoonbill had breeding plumage which I always find quite amusing, as well as their sweeping filtering bill action.

This photo best highlights there head dress. It is one which I have previously entered in an art show as a canvas print.

The reptiles, including young Eastern Waterdragons and Skinks are not affected by the drought and make their presence known in Summer as they bathe in the warm sun.

This little skink had a perfect place to hide and rest from the heat. When it saw me it quickly slid back into its hole in the tree. It needs to be careful, as Kookaburras and Pied Currawong check these holes for food.

As my wife and I walked through the almost deserted park trail, as normally this time of year many bird species would be feeding and calling, we heard one loud raucous sound which drew our attention. It was a juvenile Channel-billed Cuckoo being fed by a adult Pied Currawong. You may remember in my previous post on Channel-bills, that I mentioned how the Cuckoos migrate south in Summer and lay/plant their eggs in the nests of unwitting birds to be surrogate raised. Here is a great example, watch. The much larger Cuckoo has an insatiable hunger that keeps the poor Currawong flying off to find food.

Channel-billed Cuckoo being raised by Pied Currawong

Channel-billed Cuckoo being fed by a Pied Currawong

As we continued back down the track we had a very exciting surprise as a pair of Buff-banded Rail ran across the track up ahead. They were fast so initial images were poor. We had reports of sightings of this bird but this is the first time we saw them here. The jerking of the camera was sadly unavoidable.

We later saw them again in more shaded bush.

Buff-banded Rail first sighting

Buff-banded Rail first sighting

Buff-banded Rail last sighting

Buff-banded Rail last sighting

Buff-banded Rail last sighting

As we walked further along the track the resident male Eastern Australian Magpie was foraging in his territory. This bird both knows me and trusts me, allowing me to walk right next to it. A lady passing by, caused it to run away, only to return beck next to me again after she passed.

I always see this bird every time I visit around the same area, usually with another male or female. My blogging friend David of the blog birdsaspoetry.com has engaged in his Magnificent Magpie 2020 Project, which will be worth following.

We are both enjoying Gisella Kaplan’s book The Australian Magpie which is to date the greatest work on this most intelligent and clever bird. As I write this I can here my resident alpha male Magpie calling to me. He usually does it after his bath in my birdbath.

A little further along the track and we could here another unfamiliar sound from a nearby eucalypt. It was difficult to see these two birds and make out what they were as the bright diffused light in the background and the smoke made it difficult, so again I apologise for the photos. They appeared to be 1st year juvenile Brown Goshawks waiting possibly to be fed. We did not see the adult, and the birds sat in the same spot watching and waiting. We had never had a sighting of this bird in the park that we know of so it is a new finding.

Approaching the creek which flows into the Georges River from the wetland, we saw these two birds. Now, on first observation one might think them two distinct species of Egret, but with binoculars it can be seen that they are both Great Egrets, one in full breeding plumage with turquoise lores, dark beak and fine streaming back feathers and the other with only very early breeding plumage yellow beak and back streaming feathers.

check out the neck extension

check out the neck extension

breeding with pre-breeding

breeding with pre-breeding

Great Egret in breeding plumage

Great Egret in breeding plumage

Great egret pre-breeding

Great egret pre-breeding

Before I finish I would like to correct an identification on my previous blog post on Lake Albert, Wagga Wagga where I thought the flock of Terns I was viewing were Common Terns. On further observation and talking with other birders they are actually Whiskered Terns (previously known as Marsh Terns). These two species of Tern do look very similar, however the Whiskered has the darker belly and distinct white throat, which is seen here. These are predominantly fresh water Terns found on inland lakes and rivers where they mainly fly close to the water surface to catch insects over and on the water as well as dive for the occasional small fish and crustacean. The heavy smoke made it difficult to photograph them with clarity. Sadly, the waterbirds of Lake Albert’s wetlands I featured recently have gone, as the wetlands are also drying up as the lake diminishes and becomes more shallow.

As we move into 2020 and get a 20/20 vision of what lies ahead, entering a catastrophic period of uncertainty and a most unpredictable Summer, we ponder as to what the future holds, and what birds will be left for us to enjoy, and where they will relocate. Most of our native wildlife is territorial and non migratory, so it will be difficult for them to find new areas, as tension will arise with birds of the same species already established in unburnt areas.

Interesting enough a friend posted this reminder, that times such as these have occurred in the past, captured by one of our renowned poets.

My second edition of ‘What Birds Teach Us’ is now with the publisher and when it is launched I will have some changes to my blog post and website. I will also be available for talks and seminars in schools and organisations, especially targetting Primary School aged children. I am delighted that despite the bushfires ravaging our national parks, my 1st Edition continued to be purchased as they sold out in National Parks gift shops there is only a hand full left. If you want to grab one of the last click here. I am hoping to publish my second book, targetting 16 years to adult, later in the year.

Birdbath Blessings

The birds love it and love you for it and it is so simple to install. Eventually they will wash and drink and allow you to sit and watch them only feet away from them, as they trust you and know that you care about them.

small and large birdbaths in shade

small and large birdbaths in shade

large for larger birds Magpies, Currawongs Ravens

large for larger birds Magpies, Currawongs Ravens

small for smaller birds Miners, Rainbows Butcherbirds

small for smaller birds Miners, Rainbows Butcherbirds

places for landing access

places for landing access

One of the best things we can do for our birds during this 4th year of drought is to install a birdbath or 2. My publisher and my sister both bought their family one for Christmas and are enjoying seeing birds come to drink and bathe. Our Australian birds are wild and aggressive around food, so it is recommended not to feed them, as they are best to gather their own, as they can become aggressive, demanding and destructive if they develop a dependence on your kindness, as many have found out the hard way. However, they do need and appreciate our contribution of fresh water. Your family can enjoy the experience watching the different local species come to your birdbath at different times of day. Children especially enjoy this. Just top up the bath daily and clean it our weekly and the birds will do the rest. Funny enough, when I arrived home from Wagga Wagga on New Years Day both birdbaths were depleted and no birds anywhere. I cleaned and filled both baths, walked up stairs and in seconds 7 birds came immediately and noisily drinking and bathing as if they had been watching and waiting for me to replenish it, as they know I do. Why 2 baths ( a small and large? because that allows both the smaller and larger birds to choose the best option and bathe at the same time. Also is is good as you will see in this photo to make sure the baths are shaded under a tree and have approach landing access, a tree, chair, post nearby, as they like to land and survey the bath before plunging in. Treat yourself to a birdbath, it will amuse and give you much enjoyment as it has us.😊

Have a great week and STAY SAFE!

NOTE: All photos, videos and music used on this website are photographed, composed, performed by the site owner and remains his copyrighted property, unless otherwise stated. The use of any material that is not original material of the site owner is duly acknowledged as such. © W. A. Hewson 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020.

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